Publication Date: 2024/02/10
Abstract: The risk of contracting an infection in the hospital has always existed. It has increased with the evolution of patient care practices. The objectives of our study were to determine the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in our establishment, to know the most frequent sites of these infections and their prevalence, to determine the microorganisms and to study the risk factors linked to these infections. This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey measuring the instantaneous prevalence of NI (nosocomial infections) “on a given day”. Data collection took place from 28th May to 15th june 2023 with a single pass per service. Only the microbiological results were subsequently documented. The survey concerned 20 hospitalization departments and all patients hospitalized for more than 48 hours. The definitions of hospital infection were based on those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The data were entered and analyzed using Epi data 3.0 and Epi data analysis software. A total of 393 patients were hospitalized, among them 237 were included in the study (hospitalized for more than 48 hours), i.e. a rate of 60.30%. The study population was relatively young with an average age of 41.9 ± 22.54 years. The overall prevalence rate was 5.9%. Overall, pulmonary infections (28.5%) were the most common. Pediatric services recorded a particularly high prevalence (16%) after hematology (25%). On the day of the survey, 54.4% of patients were under antibiotic treatment, including 51.2% with an empirical indication. The most frequently isolated germs were Escherichia coli (27.2%) and Acinetobacter Baumanii (27.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.18%). The occurrence of a nosocomial infection was significantly associated with immunosuppression and the presence of a central venous catheter. This study allowed us to better understand local specificities by highlighting services presenting particular risks and certain practices, in particular the frequent prescription of antibiotics.
Keywords: Prevalence, Nosocomial Infections, Risk Factors, Microorganisms, University Hospital Center.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10643039
PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT24FEB108.pdf
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