Protective Relay Coordination in an Injection Substation Using an Over Current Relay (Case Study: Iriebe 33kV Injection Substation)

Dan Horsfall; Kenneth E. Orie; Angela Amachree1

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Publication Date: 2024/11/29

Abstract: Effective relay coordination is critical for ensuring reliable protection and minimizing power disruptions in electrical substations. This study investigates the coordination of overcurrent relays for both primary and backup protection in a medium-voltage substation. The primary objective is to achieve selective tripping, isolating only the faulted section of the network while maintaining the integrity of the unaffected sections. The research addresses common challenges in relay coordination, including improper tripping and relay restraint features. Data was collected from components associated with the Iriebe 33kV injection substation, including the grid, power transformers, cables, and buses, and a Single Line Diagram (SLD) was utilized for analysis. Overcurrent relay coordination was performed using the ETAP Protection Coordination Technique. After simulating fault conditions, miscoordination was observed, which was subsequently addressed through manual calculations of Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) and Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM). The results demonstrated that with optimized relay settings, system coordination was restored, leading to improved protection performance. The study also analyzed the sequence of operation, showing that proper relay coordination enhances substation reliability by reducing outage durations and preventing equipment damage during fault events. This research contributes to the optimization of overcurrent relay settings in medium and high-voltage substations, ensuring more efficient and reliable protection systems.

Keywords: Injection Substation, Overcurrent, Relay Coordination, ETAP, Time Current Curve Fitting, Time Dial setting, Pickup Current.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24NOV915

PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT24NOV915.pdf

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