Optimizing Maternal Nutrition and its Impact on Fetal Development: Evidence-Based Insights and Current Guidelines

Dr. Venugopal Reddy.I; Dr. Pranavi Nagendla; Dr. Amulya B; Dr. Akshaya Doddamani; Dr. Harini P Shetty; Dr. Kavitha Lakshmi Eswaran; Dr. Shwetha Yadav; Dr. Swetha Vinjamuri1

1

Publication Date: 2024/12/26

Abstract: Maternal nutrition is critical in shaping fetal development and lifelong health outcomes. Both overnutrition and undernutrition during pregnancy significantly influence neonatal health, congenital anomalies, and long-term risks for metabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders. Maternal obesity increases the risks of complications such as congenital anomalies, macrosomia, and delivery injuries, while maternal undernutrition leads to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW), and neonatal morbidity. This article provides evidence-based insights into the impact of maternal nutrition, reviews global guidelines, and explores targeted interventions to optimize maternal and fetal health. Figures and graphical representations highlight key concepts, making the discussion comprehensive and engaging.

Keywords: No Keywords Available

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14557486

PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT24DEC1105.pdf

REFERENCES

    1. Black, R. E., et al. “Maternal and Child Undernutrition.” The Lancet, 2013.
    2. Catalano, P. M., & Shankar, K. “Obesity and Pregnancy: Mechanisms of Short-Term and Long-Term Adverse Consequences for Mother and Child.” BMJ, 2017.
    3. De-Regil, L. M., et al. “Folic Acid Supplementation for the Prevention of Birth Defects.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2010.
    4. Goldenberg, R. L., et al. “Maternal Nutrition and Fetal Growth.” Nutrition Reviews, 2021.
    5. Kramer, M. S., et al. “Nutritional Determinants of Low Birth Weight.” American Journal of Public Health, 2019.
    6. Perez-Lopez, F. R., et al. “Vitamin D and Pregnancy: Effects on Maternal and Fetal Health.” Gynecological Endocrinology, 2015.
    7. WHO. “Guidelines on Maternal Nutrition.” 2023.
    8. Zimmermann, M. B., & Boelaert, K. “Iodine Deficiency and Thyroid Disorders.” The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2015.
    9. CDC. “Folic Acid and Neural Tube Defects.” 2023.

10. Bhutta, Z. A., et al. “Evidence-Based Interventions for Maternal Nutrition.” Nutrition Reviews, 2021