Publication Date: 2023/09/18
Abstract: Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in adults and diabetes is one of the reasons for retinal changes.Though there are several molecular mechanisms causing diabetic retinopathy (DR) such as polyol pathway, protein kinase pathway, role of oxidative stress, inflammation and many more. But the exact mechanism by which diabetes causing diabetic retinopathy is not known yet. Although the treatment and development of new therapeutic strategies are less in India, it became necessary to work more on pharmacological mechanisms involved in diabetic retinopathy and therapeutic targets for the reducing the vision loss due to DR in countries like India. The aim of this paper is to introduce the pharmacological pathways that are involved in the development of a diabetic retinopathy namely increased expression several molecular factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), inflammation and free radicals are discussed in this paper. The recent advancements in molecular mechanisms, retinal cell survival and the new therapeutic targets for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are discussed in this review.
Keywords: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), Intra cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), Vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), oxidative stress.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8354910
PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT22OCT748.pdf
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