Declining Birth Rate Due to Various Factors

Medea Kuzanashvili; Tamar Shioshvili1

1

Publication Date: 2024/11/27

Abstract: The global demographic landscape is undergoing significant upheaval due to three primary factors: shifts in fertility rates, changes in mortality, and resulting transformations in population age distribution. Declining fertility rates in many regions are reshaping family structures and reducing population growth, while improved healthcare and living conditions are extending life expectancy and lowering mortality rates. Together, these trends lead to a growing proportion of older adults, creating an aging population that places unique social and economic pressures on healthcare, pension systems, and labor markets. Understanding these dynamics is critical for policymakers and planners, as they must adapt strategies to address the opportunities and challenges associated with demographic change. (Coontz, 1992)

Keywords: No Keywords Available

DOI: https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24OCT1961

PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT24OCT1961.pdf

REFERENCES

  1. Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Fink, G. (2011). Implications of population aging for economic growth. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 26(4), 583-612. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grq038
  2. Harper, S. (2014). Economic and social implications of aging societies. Science, 346(6209), 587-591. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254405
  3. United Nations. (2019). World population ageing 2019: Highlights. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2019-Highlights.pdf
  4. National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, & World Health Organization. (2011). Global health and aging. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/ageing/publications/global_health.pdf
  5. Lee, R., & Mason, A. (2010). Fertility, human capital, and economic growth over the demographic transition. European Journal of Population, 26(2), 159-182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-009-9186-x
  6. World Health Organization. (2015). World report on ageing and health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/ageing/publications/world-report-2015/en/
  7. McDaniel, S. A., & Zimmer, Z. (2016). Global ageing in the twenty-first century: Challenges, opportunities and implications. Ageing & Society, 36(6), 1125-1144. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X16000202
  8. Christensen, K., Doblhammer, G., Rau, R., & Vaupel, J. W. (2009). Ageing populations: The challenges ahead. The Lancet, 374(9696), 1196-1208. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61460-4
  9. European Commission. (2020). The 2021 ageing report: Economic and budgetary projections for the EU member states. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/2021-ageing-report-economic-and-budgetary-projections-eu-member-states-2019-2070_en
  10. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). (2020). Global population ageing. Retrieved from https://www.unfpa.org/ageing