Publication Date: 2024/02/28
Abstract: Palmyra palm extractives are one of the wood chemical components that can have a negative or positive effect on the utilization of palmyra palm stems. Analysis of the content of extractive compounds can be carried out by pyrolysis GCMS analysis. Samples in the form of fine powder of palmyra stems were used in the extraction process, using: A) cold-water extraction, B) hot-water extraction, and C) ethanol-benzene extraction. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that there were 35 cold-water soluble extractives (Method A), 15 hot-water- soluble extractives (Method B), and 30 ethanol-benzene soluble extractives components (Method C). In method B, the toxic compounds found were Phenol (4.06%) and Methane, tetranitro- (CAS) Tetranitromethane (1.24%), while in method A, the toxic compounds were Phenol (6.21%); Methane, tetranitro- (CAS) Tetranitromethane (3.19%); Guanosine (CAS) Guo (1.80%); 2-propenyl decanoate (2.46%) and Lactaropallidin (2.01%). The non- bioactive compounds, which are lignin derivative, detected in those three types of extractives, were Phenol, 2-methoxy- (CAS) Guaiacol; and 2,6-dimethoxy- (CAS) 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol. Beside these two compounds, there were also lignin derivative compounds such as Phenol compounds, 3,4,5-trimethoxy- (CAS) Antiarol; Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (CAS) 4-Allyl-2,6- dimethoxyphenol; Benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-3,5- dimethoxy- (CAS) Syringaldehyde; Phenol (CAS) Izal; Phenol, 4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxy- (CAS) Coniferyl alcohol; and Phenol 2-methyl-5-(1- methylethyl)- Carvacrol. Each types of extractive from palmyra stem contained specific organic compounds. Therefore, in order to produce extractive-free palm stems, multilevel extractions were used, and to remove a certain compound, it should be extracted with an appropriate solvent.
Keywords: Palm; Monocots; Maluku Indonesia; Sap; Parenchyma; Wood Chemistry.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10720299
PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT24FEB1143.pdf
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