Publication Date: 2024/01/29
Abstract: The review article provides a comprehensive overview of the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It begins by discussing the global prevalence of NAFLD and its two main components: NAFL and NASH. The article emphasizes the rising prevalence of NAFLD and its association with obesity and sedentary lifestyles. It also highlights the "Asian Paradox," where NAFL and NASH have been found in non-obese individuals in Asia. The distinction between NAFL and NASH is explained, along with the diagnostic methods used to differentiate between the two conditions. The article delves into the genetic factors associated with NAFLD, including the PNPLA3 gene and various genetic variants linked to fat infiltration. It also discusses the role of insulin resistance and fructose consumption in the progression of NAFLD to NASH. The review explores the impact of cytokines and innate immunity, as well as the role of gut microbiota in liver disease. In addition, the article provides insights into the conversion process from NAFLD to NASH, highlighting the polygenic nature of the disease and the influence of genetic variants. It also discusses the roles of genes, diet, immune signatures, cytokines, liver strains, and gut microbiota in understanding the progression from NAFL to NASH. The comprehensive review covers a wide range of topics, including genes present in NAFLD, insulin resistance, fructose consumption, cytokines, and innate immunity, and the role of gut microbiota in liver disease. It provides a detailed analysis of the various factors involved in the progression from NAFL to NASH.
Keywords: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), Global Prevalence, Genetic Factors, Insulin Resistance, Fructose Consumption, Liver Disease, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10579861
PDF: https://ijirst.demo4.arinfotech.co/assets/upload/files/IJISRT24JAN948.pdf
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